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One of more distinctive changes that is taking place in obstetric practice is indicated by the trend of substituting the cesarean section for the more formidable, traumatizing vaginal delivery, which is being effected only in proportion to the increating safety of the operation. This study was carried out retrospectively based on the clinical charts of 3553 patients who had been performed cesarean section among 41272 pregnant women, who delivered from Jan., 1, 1970 to Dec., 31, 1974 at the Catholic Medical Center. The results were as follows: 1. There were 41272 deliveries, with 3554 cesarean sections for an incidence of 8. 6%, while that of the primary cesarena rection was 7.2% and repeat cesarean section was 1.4%. The annual incidence, varied from 6.15% to 11.63%, had a tendency to gradual increment. 2. Approximately 48.5% of all sections was done in the 20-30 year aged group. 3. A great proportion(37.3%) was done at 40 gestational weeks. It is interesting to be 6.9% at 36 gestational week, which was responsible for performing emergency cesarean section according to the maternal and fetal condition. 4. Among the indication for primary cesarean section, the C.P.D. was the most prevalent. In the primipara, C.P.D. was 52.0%, toxemia 9.0%, fetal distress 7.7% in order. In the multipara, C.P.D. was 28.5%, placenta previa 13.9%, and elective cesarean section 13.3% and so on. 5. Among the indication for repeated cesarean, the previous cesarean section was one most frequent (42.5%) and the others were C.P.D. (29.8%), sterilization(7.6%), and toxemia (5.4%) in order. 6. Among the previous cesarean section, 37.8% was allowed a trial labor, subsequently 83.3% of the latter delivered vaginally for an over-all 31.5% vaginal delivery rate after cesarean section. 7. The general anesthesia was performed in the cases of 99.5% and the other was spinal anesthesia. 8. In the type of operation, low cervical transverse was the most common (93.5 %) and classical type was 2.4%, cesarean subtotal hysterectomy 3.2%, cesarean total hysterectomy 0.9%. 9. There were 3 maternal deaths in 3554 sections, a mortality rate of 0.08%. 10. Perinatal mortality was 7.4%. Its main maternal causes were such as abruptio placenta, placenta previa, delayed labor and premature rupture of membrane, which were counted for 52.6% of all neonatal deaths. 11. Among rhe complications of cesarean section, puerperal infection was the most prevalent(22.6%) and the others were urinary tract infection (22.3%), endometritis (14.9%) and wound infection (12.4%) 12. Of the combined operation, the incidental appendectomy was performed 25.9% and tubal ligation was 11.6%.
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